These workshops were given the collective name of the "Fabrique". Watches were crafted in small workshops, under a master (maître). The economy, which was generally thriving, was dominated by watchmaking and related professions. Peter the Great founded the city of Saint Petersburg on marshland in the Gulf of Finland. De Beaufré worked in England, and for the next century his invention gave English watches a substantial advantage over their European rivals.ġ703. The first watch with jewels was produced by the French watchmaker de Beaufré using a drilling method invented circa 1700 by the Genevan astronomer and optician Nicolas Fatio de Duillier ( 1664- 1752). Publication by Cervantes of the first part of Don Quichotte, an immediate success.
Gold crafting developed with the increased wearing of jewellery (enamelled medallions).ġ605. Instauration of the Grand Tour, where artists would travel through Europe, in particular to Italy, to complete their education. The "Escalade" when Geneva repelled an attack by the Duke of Savoy.
He had claimed that the Sun was just another star, described the universe as "infinite", and held that life forms existed elsewhere in this universe than on Earth.ġ602. After living in Geneva, Giordano Bruno was condemned for heresy and burned at the stake in Rome. She brought with her a dowry of 600,000 ecus and the guarantee of stronger ties between France and Italy.ġ600. Henri IV married his second wife, Marie de Médicis, daughter of the Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Archduchess of Austria. After a minimum five-year apprenticeship, candidates for the title of master had to make "a small clock with an alarm to wear around the neck and a square clock on two levels to stand on a table."ġ600. Foundation of the Genevan Corporation of Watchmakers.